The expert seminar on the film "Light and Shadow Record History Continues Red Blood" was held in Beijing.

On December 18th, an expert seminar on the film "Alone" was held in Beijing. The film "Alone Army" is led by the creative team of the excellent film "Believers" with the same theme. It tells the true story of the guerrilla column in southern Sichuan (also known as the guerrilla column in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou border region) of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, and shows the spiritual will, ideals and beliefs of the column commanders who live, fight and die for their beliefs.

The scene of the expert seminar on the film "Light and Shadow Record History Continues Red Blood"

Many experts and scholars from the literary and art circles, the film industry and the press gathered together to conduct in-depth discussions on topics such as the film’s creative concept, role shaping, cultural value inheritance, and innovative expression of revolutionary historical film and television works in the new era. Rao Shuguang, a film theorist and president of China Film Criticism Society, presided over the seminar.

Director yang hu speaks.

Director yang hu introduced the creative background of the film Alone and the behind-the-scenes story of the filming. He said that the story background and characterization in the film originated from real historical events. In the process of creative shooting, it is necessary to ensure that the dramatic composition of the characters and the setting of contradictions in the story are bold and objective and can withstand scrutiny. This requires that the film creation should look back at that period of history from the perspective of modern people. No matter the actors or the creative team, they should go into the hearts of the martyrs to communicate with them, find their initial heart, and find the most real thing they are pursuing under the historical background. The film shows the heroic deeds and firm beliefs of the soldiers through real plots and characters. Every character in the film has rich emotions, which can make the audience have a deep emotional resonance and better feel the power of passion and belief of that era.

Tell the red story well and fill the historical gap.

The film "Alone Army" brings the generous and tragic history of the guerrilla column in southern Sichuan of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army to the big screen for the first time, and shows the heroic years of the heroic struggle of the guerrilla column in southern Sichuan of the Red Army in the form of a film, filling the image gap of this history.

Zhang Pimin, Chairman of the China Film Foundation and former Deputy Director of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television, spoke.

Zhang Pimin, chairman of the China Film Foundation and former deputy director of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television, pointed out that the film "Alone" has a high production level, well-made film scenes and a dedicated team. In terms of film content and propaganda positioning, it is suggested to grasp the propaganda point and realize the coordinated development of artistic creation and cultural tourism development. "You are not alone, but the light and shadow continue". While telling this story well in the form of light and shadow art, the film should also strengthen the construction of local cultural tourism, build a martyrs memorial hall, create a local red cultural image, and form a well-structured red cultural tourism chain to make the stories of martyrs more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Chengxiang Zhong, librarian of central research institute of culture and history, former vice chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and first president of China Literary Critics Association, spoke.

Chengxiang Zhong, a librarian in central research institute of culture and history, former vice-chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and the first chairman of the China Association of Literary Critics, said in his speech that "Alone Army" inherited the fine tradition and basic experience of combining the realistic spirit of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leading the development of China’s film art with the romantic tradition, tried to sum up China’s experience with China’s theory, and told the story that the guerrilla column in southern Sichuan, which was little known so far in the Long March, was ordered to die and live to cover the earth-shaking place where the Central Red Army went north to resist Japan. In the film, the guerrilla column in southern Sichuan is full of "popular support" and "party heart", "being alone" and firm in ideals and beliefs. This red gene is the spiritual core of the Chinese nation’s self-reliance among the nations of the world. Chengxiang Zhong said that film creators should carry forward the spirit of the creative team of Alone, conform to the call of the times and the people, follow the laws of art, and create masterpieces with profound thoughts, exquisite art and excellent production, so that the audience can feel profound ideological penetration and spiritual beauty, continue the historical context and write contemporary Chinese chapters.

Chen Xianyi, former director of the Ministry of Culture of the People’s Liberation Army Daily, spoke.

Chen Xianyi, former director of the Ministry of Culture of the People’s Liberation Army Daily, mentioned that the film "Alone Army" is a film with a soul and a literary work to promote faith. The film is characterized by individualism, belief and ideological core, which is inseparable from the love and loyalty of the creative team to the party. They have incorporated their firm belief in communism into the film. Chen Xianyi pointed out that there is not only one "lone army" in the long history, but also many touching stories in the Long March of the Red Army waiting for the creators to explore. The film "Alone Army" has opened up a new creative space in this field. Film and television creators should grasp the propaganda method and integrate the ideological core into their works to create more excellent works.

Dong Xiaoli, the chief producer of the film "Alone", member of the Standing Committee of Xingwen County Committee of the Communist Party of China and Minister of Propaganda Department, spoke.

"Xingwen County, as an old revolutionary county, is an area where Marxism-Leninism spread earlier, and it is the main birthplace of the early revolution in southern Sichuan. It is the place where the Red Army passed through the Long March, camped and fought, and the guerrilla column in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou border region coordinated the main Red Army to move northward. It has a glorious revolutionary tradition." Dong Xiaoli, chief producer of the film Lonely Army, member of the Standing Committee of Xingwen County Committee of the Communist Party of China and Minister of Propaganda Department, said that the launch of the film Lonely Army has more profoundly demonstrated the red culture of Xingwen and enriched the industrial format of Xingwen Tourism, which is of great significance for Xingwen to write a new chapter in the integration and development of Red Tourism.

Innovating expression to promote the continuous development and progress of revolutionary historical films.

Literary and artistic works with revolutionary historical themes, especially film and television works, describe the struggle course and brilliant achievements of the Party, and their innovative expression is an inevitable requirement for adapting to the development of the times, inheriting excellent traditional culture and improving the competitiveness of the film market.

Rao Shuguang, film theorist and president of China Film Criticism Society, made a speech.

Rao Shuguang, a film theorist and president of the China Film Criticism Society, said that as a revolutionary historical film, the film Alone has reached a high level in audio-visual presentation. Whether it is a tough battle, a blocking war, a mobile war or an encounter, it has the texture and layering of the film, showing the cruelty of war. At the same time, he said that the genius of the film "Alone" lies in expressing the power of faith and the realm of revolutionary martyrs through the arduous battle and the process of dying, which is more powerful in artistic communication, and can really and effectively touch the emotions of the audience, including young audience groups, and effectively achieve maximum empathy, resonance and resonance.

Shen Weipeng, Deputy Director and Associate Professor of the Department of Literature and History of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National School of Administration)

Shen Weipeng, deputy director and associate professor of the Department of Literature and History of the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (National School of Administration), analyzed and commented on the film from the perspective of content innovation. He said that the film "Alone" embodies the innovation of film creation in the aspects of role-building, which not only shows the spirit of sacrifice of martyrs who are born to die, but also appropriately shows the contradiction of characters’ thoughts, so that young audiences can feel the spiritual tension of ideals and beliefs, arouse resonance and thinking, and make the red spirit deeply rooted in people’s hearts.

Jin Tao, director of the editorial department of China Art Newspaper, spoke.

Jin Tao, director of the editorial department of China Art Newspaper, believes that the Long March is a great feat in human history, in which countless touching stories have been spread by later generations. All forms of artistic creation can extract creative sources from the stories of the Long March. The movie Alone is a unique one among many Long March stories, which records a little-known history that should not be forgotten. The film not only takes into account the broad historical context, but also deeply integrates daily life with revolutionary history, showing more vivid characters in a subtle way and shaping a group of heroic images with distinctive personalities.

Innovation of communication mode helps the red theme education to go deeper and deeper.

As the first film to show the history of the guerrilla column in southern Sichuan of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army to the big screen, Alone Army provides a vivid red textbook for the education of party history.

Zhao Xiumei, director of People’s Daily Public Opinion Data Center and general manager of People’s Online, spoke.

Zhao Xiumei, director of People’s Daily Online Public Opinion Data Center and general manager of People’s Online, said in his speech that in the complicated new media communication environment, the promotion and promotion of red-themed movies should not only grasp the correct public opinion orientation, but also strengthen the awareness of public opinion risk prevention, pay close attention to the public’s public opinion feedback in time, and make effective and appropriate responses to avoid being biased by negative voices and make the audience lose their attention to the film itself. At the same time, we should pay attention to the copyright protection of film and television works, defend the red literary resources and carry on the inheritance and development better.

Tian Yizhou, Associate Professor of School of Journalism and Communication, Nankai University, spoke.

Tian Yizhou, an associate professor at the School of Journalism and Communication of Nankai University, believes that the film Lonely Army creates a "memory field" for the audience about red cultural memory, which contains not only the presentation of revolutionary history, but also the inheritance of red memory and the construction of cultural memory. The film anchors the cultural memory in a spatial picture, such as the fighting route of guerrilla columns in southern Sichuan, which can more effectively construct the genetic memory of red culture for the audience and promote the education of red theme to be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Group photo of guests attending the meeting

Beijing Forum of 2019 World Theatre: Let Excellent Works Communicate in the World

  The "2019 World Theatre Beijing Forum" hosted by national centre for the performing arts was held in Beijing a few days ago. With the theme of "communication, cooperation, sharing and win-win", this forum invited more than 200 managers and artists from nearly 90 art institutions in more than 20 countries and regions around the world to gather together, and conducted in-depth discussions on the practical problems faced by theater development, such as "new concept of theater operation and management", "art education and audience training" and "the future road of artistic creation and production".

  This forum has laid a good foundation for deepening cooperation, exchange and mutual learning among theaters. The Beijing Declaration was issued on the closing day of the forum. Representatives of the participating art institutions unanimously supported the establishment of the exchange and cooperation mechanism of the Beijing Forum of World Theatre and explored the establishment of the World Theatre Alliance, with a view to better promoting the formation of in-depth, standardized and normalized exchanges and cooperation among institutions.

  1. The spread of digital technology makes good works equal to good box office.

  Good works are not equal to good attendance. During the forum, almost all the guests mentioned in their speeches that the urgent task of theater development is to attract audiences, especially young people, by using various means as much as possible. Xia Manning, Director-designate of the International Development Department of the Paris National Opera House, said: "France once conducted such a survey, and the results showed that among 50 French people who wanted to watch various performances, only 8 would choose classical concerts and 8 would choose dances, while only 4 would like to listen to an opera."

  In the forum, many guests thought that if the theater is to be forward-looking, it must use Internet technology and means to attract young audiences. It has become a trend to use Internet technology and live broadcast to promote art communication. When sharing operational experience, the guests mentioned the role of digital technology in broadening the field of opera communication and audience.

  George FairTerhalle, general manager of the Berlin Opera Foundation, talked about his own understanding. "Our mission is to root the opera art form in the fast-paced society and introduce the opera to a wider audience as much as possible by using digital tools.". On the road of spreading opera art by using digital technology, the European Opera Union shared their experience. In October 2017, the European Opera Union joined 29 member institutions to build the online platform opera vision. So far, it has provided 71 performances, 170 videos and more than 3 million web pages for opera lovers, and each work has been viewed 24,000 times on average.

  Hou Keming, director and professor of Beijing Film Academy, shared the application of the world-leading "4K+5G" technology in the theater live broadcast. In May, the original national dance drama "Tianlu" was staged at the National Grand Theatre, and the world’s first "4K+5G" live broadcast was also conducted at the Capital Cinema. At the same time, the live broadcast is also presented simultaneously on the mobile phone, TV big screen and other channels.

  Using Internet technology and live broadcast to promote art communication has reached a global consensus. Yu Xiaogang, deputy editor-in-chief of Beijing Daily, affirmed the value of digital technology for art communication: "Many audiences may not have been to the concert hall or listened to the concert before, but online live broadcast has brought them the opportunity to enter and feel the art. From offline to online, elegant art has attracted more audiences through grounded communication, realizing online feedback. They may enter the physical theater from the online theater, and if this continues, a virtuous circle of art communication will be formed. "

  2. Strengthen the talent pool to maintain creative vitality.

  How do art institutions attract audiences? Wu Han, artistic director of the Chamber Music Association of Lincoln Center in the United States, enthusiastically shared her answer: "Provide enough wonderful performances." In Wu Han’s view, art institutions "must show the best and best art form and make the concert unparalleled in order to make the audience love this art form". The guests at the meeting agreed with her that stage presentation is the core foundation of the existence of the theater, and always maintaining the high quality of performances and constantly promoting artistic innovation is the fundamental driving force for the sustainable development of the theater. If you want to keep your creativity alive all the time, you must constantly pay attention to talent training and strengthen talent reserve.

  Chen Ping, director of China Theater Development Research Center, said: "With the increase of the number of theaters, we need the following kinds of talents, namely, directors, conductors, screenwriters and other performing arts creative talents and performing arts talents, as well as theater production, performance management, publicity and marketing and other performing arts management talents. We especially need compound talents who understand art and are good at management. "

  Anna Weber, general manager of the art and operation of Carnegie Hall in the United States, said: "In addition to commercial performances, Carnegie Hall has many related projects to train talents. For example, the NYO National Youth Symphony Orchestra includes the best American musicians between the ages of 16 and 19. Every summer, they train together and tour internationally. Our goal is to change people’s lives through music. "

  In his speech, Xinyi Chen, director of Turandot, the national version of the opera, stressed: "The purpose of creation is by no means business and money, and social responsibility comes first. It is an artist’s responsibility to lead the masses to follow you and pursue truth, goodness and beauty at a high level." Inheritance is the foundation of development. Young actors must first inherit the fine traditions of the older generation of artists in order to truly create masterpieces that the audience loves.

  3. Cultivate loyal audience with art popularization

  Christopher Weidauer, Minister of Digital Development in vienna state opera, Austria, shared a set of research conclusions based on 4,000 samples — — The reason why people don’t want to walk into the theater door is that they are psychologically distant from elegant art. The purpose of art education and popularization is to change people’s idea that they are not suitable for elegant art, so that more people can enjoy art and cultivate their hearts.

  Jorge Hernan Codimeno, director of publicity of Cologne Theatre in Argentina, said: "If we can’t get more audiences to the scene, we will use performances to find more audiences." Cologne Theatre opened its doors through social media and established contact with people, thus breaking the public’s prejudice against elegant art. Margaret Moran, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Philippine Cultural Center, also emphasized the role of the popularity and application of the Internet in art education. "In the Philippines, art online projects enable people to directly contact artists and art research experts, thus igniting the audience’s interest in art, so that they can not only appreciate art, but also participate in artistic creation."

  It has become a trend to put opera on the screen all over the world. In order to make opera, the jewel in the crown of music art, benefit ordinary people, the National Centre for the Performing Arts has experimented with the production of high-definition and 4K opera films, and so far 28 opera films such as Turandot, Camel Xiangzi and Long March have been filmed. In 2018, the National Centre for the Performing Arts produced the opera film "The Dawn is Quiet Here", which is the first 4K panoramic opera film in China. Li Zhixiang, vice president of the National Centre for the Performing Arts, said: "The National Centre for the Performing Arts has been trying to combine theaters with the Internet with the help of science and technology, so that the stage art resources can benefit more audiences. We created a digital audio-visual platform ‘ Classical music channel ’ , carry out free high-definition live broadcasts of heavy performances and opera film production. "

  During the forum, NCPA conducted in-depth exchanges and discussions with domestic and foreign theater counterparts, held 45 bilateral meetings, signed 5 strategic cooperation agreements, and reached 19 specific cooperation intentions on a series of contents such as joint production of repertoires, exchange of performances, art popularization and personnel training. During this forum, it coincided with the tenth performance of Turandot, a self-made opera by the National Centre for the Performing Arts. Dozens of representatives from theaters and art institutions around the world watched this work, and they spoke highly of it.

  Cormac Simms, Opera Executive Director of the Royal Opera House, said: "This is an exciting and far-reaching forum. No matter which country or region the theater comes from, it is very important to respect each other, learn from each other and learn from each other. We hope to work with national centre for the performing arts to establish a world performing arts alliance. "

  Wang Ning, president of the National Centre for the Performing Arts, said: "We sincerely invite our colleagues from all over the world to focus on China and the cultural performance market, and work together to build a community of destiny for the sustainable development of the world’s theaters and make new and greater contributions to the progress of human civilization."

   (Reporter Niu Mengdi correspondent Mary)

How many of the eight most expensive foods in the world have you eaten?

China search news We often hear about caviar, Tricholoma matsutake and foie gras. How much do you know about them? A truffle is worth a million dollars, and the rich people don’t hesitate to buy it. What is its charm? The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) introduced the eight most expensive top ingredients in the world in a recent program. Let’s find out with Xiaobian!
1. Saffron
Crocus sativus, also known as crocus sativus and crocus sativus, belongs to the family Iridaceae. It is native to Greece, Spain, Iran and other Europe and Middle East regions. It is said that it was introduced to Tibet in China in the Ming Dynasty and then transported from Tibet to other parts of China, hence the name "Crocus sativus". The bright crimson stamens extracted from saffron are the most expensive condiments in the world, and the value per ounce is higher than that of gold. Why is something so small so expensive? Small output is the main reason. Crocus is planted in Afghanistan, Iran, Kashmir and Europe, with an annual output of about 200 tons. What is this concept? Let’s just say, according to Xiao Bian, the annual output of apples is more than 5,000 w tons … Besides, crocus only blooms in autumn, and picking it is purely by hand. A worker can only pick 60 to 80 grams a day, but it takes 150,000 to 200,000 crocuses to extract one kilogram of spices. Therefore, its price is as high as 4,000 euros (equivalent to more than 30,000 RMB) per kilogram.
2. Caviar
Caviar, also known as roe sauce, is a sauce made of sturgeon roe, which is one of the "three western delicacies" (the other two are foie gras and truffles). Caviar is almost recognized as an expensive ingredient in the world. Among them, Almas caviar produced in the Black Sea and Caspian Sea is regarded as the most precious caviar variety, and the price per gram is US$ 35 (220 yuan RMB). It is made from the eggs of the nearly extinct albino sturgeon. According to Guinness World Records, the most expensive caviar is produced by a 100-year-old paddlefish, and its price is 34,500 US dollars (220,000 RMB) per kilogram. Caviar production generally requires the slaughter of precious adult sturgeon, but now there are manufacturers who massage sturgeon to extract fish eggs to make caviar, which is good news for gourmets and animal protectors, and most importantly, for this endangered creature.
3, oysters
Oysters, also known as oysters, have always been regarded as delicacies. They are eaten raw after opening the lid, with full taste, complex flavor and long sweetness. Every bite is delicious from the ocean. In the early 19th century, oysters were very cheap, and people along the coast often used their meat to make pies. However, due to overfishing and seawater pollution, the output of wild oysters has fallen sharply, and the price has soared.
Among oysters, the most precious one is the Peron oyster produced at the mouth of the Peron River in France, which is called "the king of oysters". It is extremely demanding on water quality and has a long growth period, so its output is very low and expensive. The taste of Bellon oysters is very different from that of ordinary oysters. Its entrance has a strong mineral flavor and seaweed aroma, the middle flavor is surging and exciting, the aftertaste is restrained and fresh, and the metal flavor is strong, which will bring paralysis from both sides of the tongue to the mouth, full of strength. People who are new to oysters may think that Bellon oyster is too heavy, but it is the favorite of many oyster experts.
4. White truffles
White truffle is a rare food recognized by Europeans. This kind of thing is very rare, and many people can’t see it all their lives. White truffle is a kind of wild plant fungus, which can not be cultivated artificially, so it is very rare and is called white diamond. The most delicious white truffle is Italian Alba white truffle. It is normal to sell RMB 100,000 a piece, and there are also those that have sold over one million. In 2007, Stanley Ho, the "gambling king of Macau", shot a white truffle weighing 1.5 kilograms at a cost of 330,000 US dollars (2 million RMB).
5. Iberian ham
Iberian ham, made of Iberian pig hind leg meat from Spain for 36 months, is very delicious. The best Iberian ham comes from the free-range Iberian black-haired pig, which is said to be a special breed derived from the natural mating of Mediterranean pigs and African wild boars for hundreds of years.
Every November when the acorns (Bellota) are ripe, the piglets will be put into the oak forest to have fun, drink the purest mountain spring water, eat ripe acorns and mushrooms. Piglets usually eat the original ecological herbal feed, but during the four-month period from November to February, they completely eat acorns and weeds. This period is called fattening period, and the weight of piglets will increase from 60 to 80 kilograms to about 200 kilograms. These piglets have to run back and forth for food for about 14 kilometers every day. Eating acorn fat will increase, but exercise will make fat embedded in the muscle. Therefore, Iberian ham made of their hind legs is fat and thin, and tastes excellent.
The classification of Iberian ham is extremely strict, and the "black label" ham made from the hind leg meat of pure Iberian pigs is considered to be the best. According to Guinness World Records, the most expensive Iberian ham costs as much as 3,192 pounds (nearly 30,000 RMB).
6. Beef and beef
He cattle is recognized as the best beef cattle breed in the world, which is characterized by fast growth, early maturity and good meat quality. This kind of beef has a high fat content. During cooking, the meat will become soft and tender, and it will melt instantly when eaten. And cows seem greasy and harmful to health, but in fact they are just the opposite. Top-grade beef has obvious marbling, juicy and tender meat, and high content of unsaturated fatty acids in muscle fat, which helps to reduce harmful low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the human body and reduce the risk of heart disease, depression, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease.
The best beef is produced in Hyogo Prefecture, Kobe, and once sold at a high price of 500 pounds (4,500 yuan) per kilogram. The cattle there are fed with beer, and they are often massaged during the growth process to ensure the meat quality is tender.
7. Nouaké Coffee
The price of Nouaké coffee is as high as 700 dollars per kilogram (about 4,400 yuan), and it really should have a place on this list. Nouak Coffee, also known as kopi luwak and Cat Shit Coffee, is produced in Indonesia. It is made by the civet cat discharging the coffee beans intact after eating the coffee fruit, and people extract the coffee beans from its feces and process them. Some people think that digestion and fermentation caused by animal stomach acid will make coffee taste more mellow, but critics think this is just a marketing gimmick.
In the wild, civet cats only choose the most ripe and sweet coffee beans to eat, which is a natural selection in itself. With the mellow and delicious Nuwak coffee becoming famous in the international market, Indonesians began to keep civet cats in captivity and forced them to eat a lot of coffee beans. The quality of cat excrement coffee was not as good as before. Nowadays, most cat excrement coffee on the market is fake, and many coffee companies will label ordinary coffee as "cat excrement" to raise the price. Therefore, it is necessary to be very cautious when purchasing.
8. Foie gras
Foie gras, a traditional French dish, is also called the three major French cuisines with truffles and caviar. The top grade is foie gras whole liver. Authentic fine foie gras is more expensive than gold of the same quality. There are not many geese used to make foie gras, and they need to be big enough to make foie gras heavy enough. Besides weight, the color of foie gras is also very important. Injured or damaged foie gras is not used, so foie gras is expensive.
Foie gras, although the name is "foie gras", in fact, most French foie gras today is made of duck liver. French foie gras made from duck liver is rich in flavor, while French foie gras made from foie gras is delicate in meat. Goose liver has the reputation of "the king of green food in the world", which can reduce cholesterol, blood lipid, soften blood vessels and delay aging, and is a good health product. (Compile: Wang Jinxi)
Reporting/feedback

Football Storm: Who can escape punishment in the harbour or Mount Tai?

Today is the final match of the 30th round of the Super League, and the topic that fans are most concerned about is whether the Football Association will punish the players who got red cards in the last round of the league and send out tickets. Judging from the last round of the game against Taishan at home in the harbor, the red staining of many players may also give the Football Association a difficult problem. Therefore, this paper will discuss the last round of disciplinary incidents and which players the Football Association may issue tickets to.

For the violations in the last round of competition, the Football Association has always pursued punishment. Therefore, today we also have reason to believe that the Football Association will punish the players who broke the rules in the last round. Cai Huikang of Harbor Team locked his throat against moises in the match, which is against the image of the Super League. Therefore, according to the previous punishment standard, Cai Huikang is likely to be punished.

In addition, for those players who fell to the ground and touched porcelain in the game, I believe that the Football Association will also give a fair penalty, and sending a ticket will also make the Super League more fair. The red cards of many players from Haigang team and Taishan team caused discussion among fans after the game. I believe that the Football Association will definitely give the results today as to whether these players will be punished.

Once the tickets for Haigang and Taishan are announced, these players can be suspended for several games. The suspension cannot be completed this season. Whether to bring them to the FA Cup or next season’s league is the focus of attention for fans. So, which players will the Football Association punish? According to the existing situation, it is basically inevitable that Cai Huikang will be punished. His behavior in the game was very improper, which had a bad influence on the Chinese Super League.

As for moises, it’s hard to say, because the relationship between him and Lei Wu has also become the information that fans want to know. In short, the Football Association’s pursuit of punishment is an important measure to maintain the order and fairness of the league. Whoever fouls should bear the corresponding responsibility. We are looking forward to seeing the Football Association punish players who violate the rules fairly and make the Super League more fair and enjoyable.

Conclusion: Chasing the penalty is to maintain the fairness and order of the game, and it is also a warning to the players by the Football Association. I hope everyone can maintain good game manners and achieve fair competition. At the same time, we also call on fans to look at the game rationally, and don’t blindly idolize or maliciously attack opponents. Only by maintaining the order of the game together can the Super League develop more healthily and steadily.

Travel strategy of climbing Mount Tai full of dry goods

Autumn in October is the most beautiful and lively season in Mount Tai. Many mountaineers will go to Mount Tai with friends on the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday to enjoy the heroic spirit of "Ling Ding, Xiao Tian Xia" and meet "different self".

Let Xiaobian introduce it to you today.

Some dry goods from Taishan tourism

01

Mountaineering route

How many routes are there to Mount Tai? What are the characteristics of each line?

First, the Red Gate Tour Road-the most classic mountaineering route

Second, Tianwai Village Tour Road-the most labor-saving mountaineering route

Third, Dongyudao-a mountaineering route with outstanding natural landscape

Taohuayu Tour Road-the most romantic mountaineering route

◆ Route 1: Hongmen Tour Road-the most classic mountaineering route.

Hongmen Tour Road (hiking into the mountain, 5: 00-24: 00), starting from Daimiao (8:00-17:30, in which tickets are closed at 17:00), is a classic mountaineering route with the most concentrated human and natural landscape on Mount Tai, and it is also the essence of Mount Tai, with a total length of 9.5 kilometers and 7863 steps. Emperors in the past dynasties all climbed mountains here, and this route is also called Taishan Imperial Road. On the way, the trees are lush, the stairs spiral up, the peaks are beautiful and beautiful, and there are many cultural relics. There are 8 ancient temples, more than 200 steles and more than 300 cliff carvings, which can fully experience the charm of traditional culture.

Route: Daimiao-Daizongfang Arch-Hongmen Palace-Wanxianlou-Doumu Palace-stone valley-Hutian Pavilion-Huimaling-Zhongtianmen-Kuaile Sanli-Yunbu Bridge-Wudaosong-Eighteen Plates-Nantianmen-Tianjie-Bixia Temple-Tangmoya Cliff.

Tour itinerary:

Buy tickets online or in Hongmen Square and Wanxianlou, and walk along the stone steps. If you feel tired and exhausted, you can take the cable car at Zhongtianmen to Daiding.

Cost and time required:

Admission to the mountain: 115 yuan

Zhongtianmen-Nantianmen cableway: 100 yuan/one way.

It takes about 3-6 hours to walk from the foot of the mountain to Daiding.

1. The whole journey is 9.5 kilometers, with 7863 steps, during which there are few flat roads.

2. After getting off at Taishan Railway Station, you can take bus No.3 to Hongmen. After getting off at high-speed railway station, Tai ‘an, you can take bus No.37 to Hongmen, or take the through train of No.61 "Tai ‘an High-speed Railway Station-Taishan Scenic Area" to the starting point of Hongmen Mountain climbing.

3. You can also take Daimiao as the starting point of mountaineering. Take bus No.4 and No.15 from Taishan Railway Station to the south gate of Daimiao. After visiting Daimiao, head north for 1.2 kilometers to Hongmen.

Tips:

1. It is highly recommended to climb Mount Tai for the first time. Climbing Mount Tai has not been through this route, and it is not really a visit to Mount Tai.

2. It takes about 4-6 hours for adults to climb to the top of the mountain on foot from Hongmen. You can also start the tour from Dai Temple, which takes an extra 1-2 hours.

3. If you climb the mountain on foot all the way, it will be a test of physical strength and perseverance. If you are exhausted during the climbing, you can transfer to the ropeway at Zhongtianmen to reach the top of the mountain.

4. You need to book tickets early. As of September 26th, the tickets for the night time five days before the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday (September 29th to October 3rd) have reached the limited threshold and ticket sales have been suspended. If you don’t get the tickets, you should choose to climb the mountain in the daytime.

◆ Route 2: Tianwai Village Tour Road-the most labor-saving mountaineering route

Tianwai Village Tour Road (6: 00-21: 00 by car), starting from Tianwai Village Square, is the most convenient, time-saving and labor-saving mountaineering route. The mountaineering route is divided into two sections: the first section is the Panshan Highway from Tianwai Village to Zhongtianmen halfway up the mountain, with a distance of 14.35 kilometers, and the traffic time of the scenic spot is about 30 minutes. There are many natural landscapes and historical sites along the way, so you can enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way with the car; The latter part is from Zhongtianmen to the top of the mountain. You can choose to climb the mountain on foot (about 2 hours) or take the cableway (about 15 minutes).

Route: Tianwai Village Tourist Center-Longtan Reservoir-Bailongchi-Heilongtan-Chikurinji-Huangxihe Reservoir-fan cliff-Aolaifeng-Zhongtianmen-Cableway-Nantianmen-Bixia Temple-Yuhuangding.

Tour itinerary:

Buy entrance tickets in Tianwai Village, take a bus to Zhongtianmen, and you can choose to walk or take a cableway to Daiding.

Cost required:

One-way bus ticket to Tianwai Village: 35 yuan/person.

Admission: 115 yuan/person

Zhongtianmen-Nantianmen cableway: 100 yuan/one way.

tips:

1. Although this route is labor-saving and convenient, at the expense of many scenic spots, it is suggested to climb to the top of Mount Tai on foot after arriving at Zhongtianmen by bus, so as to enjoy more beautiful scenery of Mount Tai.

Relatively speaking, this route is more suitable for families with children or the elderly.

◆ Route 3: Dongyudao-a mountaineering route with both natural and human landscapes.

The whole journey of Dongyu Road is about 5 kilometers, with more than 4,000 steps. Compared with the climbing route of Hongmen Middle Road, the slope is gentler, and it is more comfortable to pass, which is suitable for walking slowly. Along the way, there are Qingyang Hall, Hanquemen, Qitian Pavilion, east door, Ziqi Pavilion, Yudao Stone House and other scenic spots. Taishan Scenic Area has also built supporting management rooms and four public toilets along Dongyu Road, and placed more than 50 garbage bins, and implemented projects such as communication, video surveillance, water supply, sewage treatment, greening and fire isolation network, so that tourists can swim in Dongyu Road with peace of mind.

Route: Shangliyuan Village-Weiyang Lake-Qingyang Hall-Hanquemen-Yudao Stone House-Qitian Pavilion-east door-Ziqi Pavilion-Zhongtianmen.

Tour itinerary:

Buy entrance tickets at Dongyudao and walk directly to Zhongtianmen. After arriving at Zhongtianmen, you can take a cable car directly to Daiding, and you can climb to Daiding on foot at Zhongtianmen.

Tips:

1. You can take bus K30, K37 and K19 to the entrance of Shankou (Shangliyuan Village), but it will stop running around 5 pm. Please pay attention to tourists.

2. For tourists who have visited the traditional route, you can try to choose this route, so that you can enjoy more of the original natural landscape of Mount Tai.

Tips:

Compared with the first two hiking routes, the tourist service facilities along this road are slightly insufficient, so you need to bring your own food and water to go up and down here.

◆ Route 4: Taohuayu Tour Road-the most romantic mountaineering route Taohuayu Tour Road (7: 00-17: 00 by car and 8:00-16:00 by foot), which starts from Taohuayu Tourist Center and is located at the west foot of Mount Tai. The mountaineering location of this route is far from the urban area, which is more suitable for self-driving tourists.

Route: Taohuayu Tourist Center-Diaoyutai-Bifeng Temple-Caishi Creek-Chilin Creek-Hongyuchuan-Taohuayuan Cableway

Tour itinerary:

Buy entrance tickets at Taohuayu Tourist Center, take a bus to Taohuayuan Cableway Station, and then transfer to the cable car to Daiding.

Cost required:

Taohuayu one-way ticket: 35 yuan/person

Admission: 115 yuan/person

Taohuayuan cableway: 100 yuan/one way.

Tips:

There are relatively few tourists on this route, and the sightseeing environment is relaxed. If you choose to walk into the mountains, you can enjoy the 2.8 billion-year-old geological wonders of the world-the colorful stone stream and the Taishan elf "the fish in the forest" at close range. However, there is a big gap between the cableway and the ground, so tourists who are afraid of heights or have heart diseases should take the cableway cautiously.

02

Matters needing attention in climbing Mount Tai

After choosing the mountaineering route, it is necessary to confirm the mountaineering time. Reminder: Tickets for Mount Tai during the holiday period are all online (including three hiking routes and two bus routes). Please pay attention to the "Mount Tai Scenic Area" WeChat WeChat official account "WeChat Ticket Purchase" column to make an appointment as soon as possible. To climb Mount Tai, please be sure to bring your resident ID card to check in at the reserved time and the reserved entrance to the mountain pass. If you change the admission time or place temporarily, you must refund the ticket through the original channel and make a new appointment. Please don’t make an appointment to buy tickets on the unofficial ticketing platform, so as to avoid property damage and inability to enter the park. I also remind you to participate in high-risk projects such as adventure, water climbing and night climbing carefully according to your age, health and physical fitness, and try to choose mountain climbing during the day.

Don’t worry about parking! When you arrive in Tai ‘an City at the foot of Mount Tai, you can open WeChat or Alipay to search for the "Taishan Easy Stop" applet, with clear berth, one-click navigation, convenience and practicality. In case of suspension of ticket sales and mountain entry in Taishan Scenic Area, we sincerely invite you to visit other scenic spots around Taishan.

03

Climb Mount Tai to watch the sunrise.

Here, I would like to briefly introduce the five wonders of Mount Tai: the rising sun, the jade plate in the sea of clouds, the sunset glow, the golden belt of the Yellow River and the precious light of Mount Tai. One of the top five wonders of Mount Tai is the rising sun. The beautiful scenery at sunrise is touching, and it is also an important symbol of "the first mountain in the world".

There are two ways to enjoy the rising sun on Mount Tai:

One is to stay in a hotel on the top of Mount Tai (there are only more than 900 beds in the hotel on the top of the mountain, which needs to be booked early), and get up early the next day to watch it directly at the top of the mountain.

The second is to climb the mountain from the [Red Gate Tour Road] in the middle of the night. After arriving at the top of the mountain in about 5 hours, you can watch the sunrise after a short rest.

The two ways have their own advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of living at the top of the mountain is that you can watch the sunrise without being too tired after getting up. The disadvantage is that the rooms and materials at the top of the mountain are tight, and the cost performance of accommodation is low. Moreover, booking in advance in the tourist season may not necessarily have a room.

However, during the holidays, there are many tourists climbing Mount Tai at night, which are crowded and can’t see the magnificent scenery, so it is not recommended. Of course, you don’t have to worry about safety when climbing Mount Tai at night. You can watch the night view of Tai ‘an city halfway up the mountain. The most important thing is that you can save a lot of money. The disadvantage is that climbing in the middle of the night will consume a little more physical strength, miss most of the scenery, and have an impact on the biological clock in the next few days.

In addition, whether you can see the sunrise is unpredictable, depending on the weather conditions at the top of the mountain, the amount of clouds, the visibility, the size of the wind and many other factors. The temperature at the top of the mountain is about 10 degrees Celsius lower than that at the foot of the mountain. At night, the top of the mountain will feel a little cold. Please refer to the recommendation of mountaineering equipment below.

Recommended equipment for climbing Mount Tai at night:

1. The necessary equipment for climbing Mount Tai at night [warm clothes]. There are stalls for renting warm clothes under the mountain and on the mountain. The good news is: since September 28th, the new version of warm clothing has been on the market, and the whole mountain is "unified rent, unified management and unified retreat", so you don’t have to worry about finding a booth for rent refund! Of course, the original warm clothing-"military coat" will still exist for some time, but the withdrawal of rent can not achieve the whole mountain reunification, please pay attention!

2. [Treadmill] can be purchased selectively. Small roadside stalls on the way to mountain climbing are available for sale, and the price depends on the quality.

3. [Flashlight] Choose to buy or bring your own. The good news is that most road sections have been arranged with low illumination, and it won’t be long before you can ignore the flashlight option.

4. Due to the slightly lower temperature at the top of the mountain, digital products such as cameras, mobile phones and other shooting equipment have degraded battery performance at low temperature, so it is necessary to charge the battery in advance or carry a backup power supply.

5. The food carrying capacity should not be too large. Increasing the load will consume the physical strength of mountaineering, and roadside stalls can be purchased.

The sunrise time of Mount Tai can refer to the following table:

Transfer from: Taishan Scenic Area

Source: Taian police

# Historical explanation

Please let our children know that the Japanese invaders waged a 14-year war of aggression in China, which resulted in more than half of China being trampled by them, more than 930 cities being occupied by them, 42 million refugees being displaced, and 35 million China residents being killed or injured. In addition to enslaving and killing Chinese people, the Japanese also plundered an amazing amount of wealth in China.

According to reliable data, Japan plundered 700 million cubic meters of wood, 200 million tons of metal ore, 1 billion tons of coal, 30,000 pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and 3.6 million pieces of cultural relics from China, of which gold alone was as high as 21,000 tons, which was ten times that of China’s central bank. These treasures were accumulated by the Chinese nation for thousands of years, but now they are plundered by the Japanese aggressors.

Why can’t we forgive Japan? These data are the best answer, forgetting the massacre in history is equivalent to the second massacre. The ice age, Montmartre and the age of extinction.

12 sets of fashion cases, handsome and cool, can make you a fashion goddess.

# Wear it in early autumn # # Fashion wear it #

Every time I rummaged through all the items in the closet, I still couldn’t find the style that suited me. Even though there were 300 clothes, I still went out with T-shirts and jeans. Are you very discouraged? In fact, don’t worry, I brought you a solution today.

In fact, although collocation is very important in dressing, how to choose clothes is also very important, and the two need to be carried out together. Matching can solve the product fashion in the wardrobe, and the selection skills will help the future matching fashion.

In fact, even the collocation of T-shirts and jeans is not necessarily tacky. It also has a certain relationship with the figure. If a girl with a good figure, even a sack is good-looking.

If you are in poor shape, then take a look at the following wearing scheme, which will surely solve some collocation troubles for you.

Now that the weather is getting cooler and cooler, we can choose this glossy black coat, which, like the material of leather, can give people a neutral, handsome and cool atmosphere.

Therefore, it is fashionable enough without unnecessary embellishment, and it can easily wear a fashionable feeling. The proper waist-closing design adds a significant effect to the matching shape.

Khaki trench coat must be an essential product in autumn collocation, especially the long khaki trench coat has a special aura and a feeling of walking with wind.

Although the solid khaki trench coat is versatile, it is very easy to hit the shirt, so we can choose the design of contrast color to break the simple and low-key, thus showing a personality and fashion charm.

The collocation of jeans can also become handsome and cool. Although sunglasses are accessories, they are really important, which can make simple collocation handsome and cool.

Suitable for long coats, it is temperament immediately. So in such a collocation, jeans will also become different. The long trench coat has its own gas field, which is especially suitable for tall girls.

The hole design has been widely praised since it was popular. Although the older generation of elders don’t understand this fashion, the hole-broken single product is indeed the embodiment of personality fashion, especially when it is matched with a loose version, it can also have the effect of slimming.

Therefore, the hole design is practical and fashionable, which complements the autumn collocation.

Just the right metal embellishment can make a single item have different charm, such as some chain designs or button designs, which can make a simple style different.

A single product with its own personality does not need people’s clever wearing skills, and it is fashionable to wear it on the upper body, so it can also be controlled with Xiaobai.

Nothing is more suitable for daily collocation than a jumpsuit, because the jumpsuit is a well-matched style, so there is no need to worry about it.

Therefore, it is very practical to put the jumpsuit in the closet, and you can’t go wrong when you don’t know how to match it. But such excellent jumpsuits also have shortcomings, that is, it is more troublesome to go to the toilet.

Loosely designed sweaters are very elegant to wear in early autumn, which can not only protect against the sun but also keep warm. The vague perspective can create a sexy temperament.

The color scheme of sea blue is refreshing but elegant, and it is fashionable with fisherman’s hat.

Jeans with contrast color design make their monotonous basic jeans different, and they can be fashionable easily with a black suit jacket. Walking on the street is full of turning heads.

Therefore, when matching, you need not only basic models, but also popular designs.

A slim girl can boldly try cycling pants, and you will find a fashion path.

It looks slender and stylish, and it is also suitable for traveling, comfortable and very photogenic.

With the in-depth understanding of retro fashion, people like shoulder pad design more and more, so it appears in many popular items, adding a bit of elegance.

The shape is unique enough, although not necessarily classic, but it can bring you a full sense of fashion.

Shirts with striped shirts are very similar to hospital gowns, but wearing the upper body is completely two concepts. There is no lazy fashion, but it can give people an elegant charm, which complements the leisure elegance of jeans.

Disclaimer: Passion fruit editor, the text is ingenious and original, and the picture comes from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it. Thank you!

Carry forward traditional culture and show the beauty of art

Kunqu Opera with flying sleeves, heroic Shaanxi Opera and exquisite Peking Opera … In 2023, Poly developed the "Hele China" series of activities, and the wonderful opera performances made the audience applaud again and again.

It is understood that Poly developed the "Hele China" brand in 2009. As an ecological platform for cultural content created by Poly’s development, "Hele China" continuously expands the boundary between art and culture, and allows more people to appreciate the charm of Chinese culture.

"I hope that through the platform of" Hele China ",we will carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture and shoulder the cultural mission of the new era of central enterprises." The relevant person in charge of Poly Development said.

From "The Banquet at the Tang Palace" and other national wind programs "out of the circle", to "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" and other film and television works, and then to the "brushing the screen" of national wind elements at major events such as the opening ceremony of the Hangzhou Asian Games, the beauty of Chinese excellent traditional culture has been seen by more and more people.

With the theme of "Seeing the Beauty of National Style Again", the 15th "Hele China" event brought Chinese excellent traditional culture into the community and made more people feel the power of humanities and art.

Over the years, Poly Development has been committed to enhancing the cultural connotation with artistic charm, and constantly consolidating the image of cultural real estate and responsible real estate, resulting in good social benefits.

In August this year, Poly Development Organization "Minnan Ancient Cuo Research Team" entered Minnan Ancient Cuo and felt the folk customs. According to the person in charge of Poly Development Haixi Company, in Xiamen, Fujian, in addition to studying experience, public welfare lectures on Minnan architecture and human settlement culture were held, and experts were invited to give lectures to make people appreciate the beauty of traditional architecture in taste of china.

In 2023, Poly Development upgraded the brand of "Hele China" in an all-round way, and cooperated with Shanghai Film Museum, Anhui Huangmei Opera Theatre and other museums, art galleries and professional troupes. In addition, famous artists in traditional cultural fields, such as opera, calligraphy and painting, were invited to present a grand ceremony of national style.

Poly Development Shaanxi Company held the "Yahui Inheritance of Shaanxi Opera Costume Exhibition" in the immersive space of its Poly Tianhui Project, displaying costumes, traditional musical instruments, facial makeup and other exhibits, so that people can feel the charm of traditional Chinese opera culture.

On the road of inheriting and carrying forward China’s excellent traditional culture, Poly’s development has never stopped.

"Hele China" promotes the deep connection between traditional culture and community life, so that Chinese excellent traditional culture can enter the community in a daily and life-oriented form.

In Shanxi, focusing on the cultural connotation of China’s ancient architecture, experts in the field of architecture and inheritors of colored plastic arts were invited to interpret the history of ancient architectural relics and extract elements from them into the concept of residential products.

In Shandong, the two cultural characteristics of Maoqiang and black pottery are deeply explored, and the owners are invited to experience the artistic charm of Maoqiang and enjoy the exhibition of black pottery works.

In Guangdong, non-genetic inheritors from guangdong lion were invited to tell young people about Lingnan lion dance culture, and youth lion dance groups were established in several Poly communities.

It is understood that as early as 1999, Poly Development integrated the product concepts of harmony, beauty, harmony and "natural harmony and comfort" into all aspects of design and service, and gradually formed the brand concept of "harmony builds goodness" with the company’s development. Guided by the cultural concept of "harmony", the brand strategy, vision and corresponding management system of Poly development can be formed by building products, services and brands.

"In the future, Poly’s development of’ Hele China’ will continue to adhere to the deep connection between Chinese excellent traditional culture and people’s better life, so that more people can feel the beauty of the national style." The person in charge of Poly Development said. People’s Daily (11th edition, November 29th, 2023)

5 minutes to teach you how to play baseball!

First, set up the venue

Place four bases on a flat ground: home base, first base, second base and third base; Among them, home plate is the shape of a special small house. Four bases form a square with a side length (base spacing) of 27.43 meters.

Connect home plate and first base, home plate and third base respectively, and extend them into two rays to form the sideline of baseball field. The ball falls within the fan-shaped inner boundary sandwiched by these two sideline lines.

Near home plate, draw the hitting box where the batter stands and the catcher’s box when the catcher catches the ball. A pitcher’s board is placed at the diagonal of the second base at home plate, 18.44 meters away from home plate.

Second, form a team

1. Arrange pitchers and catchers.

The pitcher stands in the center of the field, and when the attacker hits the ball, the pitcher throws the ball in the direction of home plate. When the batter misses the pitcher’s pitch, the catcher is responsible for catching the ball.

2. Arrange infielder.

The first baseman, the second baseman and the third baseman are responsible for defending the ball near the three bases; The shortstop helps defend the bases or the space between bases.

3. Arrange outfielders.

According to the area, it is divided into left fielder, center fielder and right fielder, and mainly defends the high-flying ball flying to the outfield or the ground ball passing through the infield defense line.

The pitcher, catcher, four infielders and three outfielders make up a baseball team.

Third, attack

The attacker sent a player to the batting box to hit the ball. The batter must keep an eye on the pitcher’s pitch and swing the ball out. All the attacking players take turns to hit the ball.

1. The batter didn’t hit the ball into bounds., there are generally three situations:

  • The pitcher throws a bad ball, such as the ball is too high, too low or too wide, and the batter can not swing. The referee awarded a bad goal. Four batters can be walked to first base.
  • If the batter didn’t swing (thought it was a bad ball but it was actually a good one), or the swing didn’t hit, the referee awarded a "good ball". Three good hitters were voted out.
  • The batter hit the ball out of bounds and recorded "one strike". After two strikes, the out-of-bounds balls will not be accumulated.

2. When the batter hits the ball into bounds.Whether it’s a ground ball or a fly ball, he must put down the bat at once and run to first base with all his strength.

If he is not killed, he can choose to stay at first base according to the situation on the court, or continue to run to second base and third base. If he can run back to home plate, he will score a point for the team.

When the batter didn’t run to base:

  • When the defender touches the batter with the ball, he is "kill by contact"Out.
  • Or the batter’s ball is caught before landing, and he is "Catch and kill"Out.
  • Because the batter must run to the first base, before he runs to the first base, the defender holds the ball and steps on the first base with his foot, and the batter is "ban;strangle;smother"Out.

If the batter hits the ball straight out of the outfield, he can run straight through four bases to score. This is called a home run.

Under normal circumstances, the batter only has the opportunity to run to one or two bases by hitting the ball himself; His further advance depends on the teammate who hits the ball behind him.

If the attacker is caught three times out, the offensive and defensive exchange. One attack and one defense are one game, and the team that scores more after playing nine games wins.

Fourth, defense

Baseball can only be scored when it is offensive. Therefore, the attacking team tries to avoid being caught out and score as many points as possible before three outs; And defense is to get three players out of the attack as soon as possible.

First of all, the pitcher’s pitching, he used fast ball, change ball and other means to make the batter miss the ball, causing him to strike out three times.

If the ball is hit, the defender can catch the ball directly through reasonable standing and running, and then kill the batter out; Or after receiving the ball, pass it to a teammate near base runner, and let him perform the task of touching and killing or blocking.

Sometimes, if there are other base runner on the base, a ball can knock out several attackers at the same time.

Whether attacking or defending, baseball places special emphasis on teamwork. Baseball does not rely on fighting, but on the efficiency of both offensive and defensive sides to complete their work, so what has not been touched cannot be understood intuitively. But as long as you have watched a baseball game or experienced it once, you will know that it is an easy sport to learn.